Saturday, June 7, 2008

An Italian monk in Tibet, 17th century

Couple of days ago, usually I spent my times with searching for old books. In Hungarian libraries almost empty because they didn't have money to buy more volumes. There are too much student in the capital, and they are borrowing most of the interesting books. I started a thesis about the history of the image of Tibet in Western eyes. I found an engraving in China Illustrata about the Potala Palace without its Red Buildings, and the other very interested reflection was written down in Tibetan by an Italian Jesuit father, Ippolito Desideri.
He was the only one European, who bear the Tibetan winter in Lhasa. In 1717 he could buy a house in the Tibetan capital, however, in those days it didn't allow to foreigners, they had just let a room. He learned Tibetan and study the Indo-Tibetan manner of philosophical debate in Sera monastic University. When jungar Mongols attacked the Tibetan capital, he fled to countryside, where he wrote his Tibetan notes about Christianity and he refute the soul theory in reincarnation system.
When the everyday life returned into normal way of course, he presented his paper for his teachers. He was very surprised why the Tibetans change each others in his flat of Lhasa and why they put so much questions to each other?

His account in Italian was published only in the 20th century. In English the Buddhist philosophical parts were omitted. The whole collection of the Jesuits' papers was published in Rome by Luciano Petech.

I can take a look into these Tibetan notes and I can not see what Ippolito realize from the Tibetan Buddhism. He studied five years in the monastery, debated with the Tibetan monks, and all of this just served his mission. I think he had understood nothing from Tibetan philosophy. As he defeated the thought of transmigration it is not present any sign of the realization.
I think it is not his fault. Most of the people in West can't accept the idea of cyclic existence. More precisely I mean when they see what the Buddhist thinks they need time to accustom it. In our Western conditions sometimes can take more than one life, that means there is no real chance to change our way of life and way of thinking because our culture has a lot of presuppositions.